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CONSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS, PHYSICAL METALLURGY

Buriy G. G. — Dependence of properties of cast iron from the introduced modifiers

In the article, cast iron modifiers promoting the formation of globular graphite are considered. The formation of globular graphite is possible with the appearance of a barrier around the primary crystal. The barrier appears with certain characteristics of the modifiers. These characteristics may include small distribution coefficient of the additive in the modified phase and the elements solubility in alloy liquid base — austenite. This article presents the diagram based on these parameters solubility of chemical elements chsrt. The most preferable modifiers for the formation of globular graphite in cast iron are disposed in the rectangle on the diagram. In the article the research results of the elements are adduced and the degree of their influence on the production of graphite in a spherical form in cast iron is determined. The most preferred modifier in the case of the spherical shape graphite production is the element Eu. The link between the modifier and the content of cohesive carbon in cast iron is established. In the article the mechanical properties of cast irons when they are modified by some elements are adduced. To ensure the quality of cast iron working under various conditions, it is necessary to establish a relationship between the mechanical properties of the graphite and the degree of dispersion. The parameter that establishes this connection is the shape factor of graphite inclusions, considered in detail in the article. The dependence for finding the volume fraction of graphite in cast iron is considered too. The regression dependences of the cast iron basic mechanical properties from different shape graphite, allowing to watch over the relationship between the cast iron structural factors with their mechanical properties are adduced.
Key words: cast iron, modifier, metallurgy, properties, graphite, dependencies

TECHNOLOGIES AND EQUIPMENT OF MECHANICAL, PHYSICOTECHNICAL PROCESSING, PRESSURE TREATMENT

Emelyanov V. V., Sosenushkin E. N. — Features of the bimetallic billet stressed state in the process of rotational drawing of conical parts with thinning of the wall

The mathematical model of rotational extraction with wall thinning of conical parts from bimetallic material is adduced. This model can be utilized for establishing energyforce parameters of the rotational extraction process, and as well as for analyzing the influence of technological processing rates on the power regimes of the process.
Key words: bimetal, contact stress, adapter, rotary extractor with thinning, conical part, local deformation hearth

TECHNOLOGIES AND MACHINES FOR WELDING PRODUCTION AND RELATED PROCESSES

Ashikhin D. S., Berkutov I. V., Stepanova K. A., Fedorov A. V., Alifirenko Е. А., Spirkov A. B., Bychenok V. A., Yakovlev Yu. O. — Analysis of the factors determining the quality of welded butt aluminum joints obtained by friction welding with mixing 

The analysis of the factors influencing the quality of welded joints and characterizing the parameters of the friction stir welding process (FSWP) is adduced. The graphical method of analysis — the Ishikawa diagram — is used to determine the cause-effect relationship between the strength of a welded joint made by FSWP and the factors that affect this property. As a result of the factors decomposition, the parameters characterizing their factors were revealed. The random variation of these parameters affecting the quality of the butt resistance welded aluminum joints produced by the FSWP. The main ones being: "thickness", "lateral displacement", "gap between edges", "gap between the edges and a back."
Key words: welded joint, welded joint quality parameters, destabilizing factors, friction stir welding with mixing

SPECIAL TYPES OF TECHNOLOGIES

Mashrabov N., Erofeev V. V., Korotkov V. A. — Plasma hardening of elements for soil cultivating instruments

The properties of 65G steel used in the manufacture of elements of soil-cultivating machines, strengthened by plasma quenching through the use of the UDGZ-200 serial installation, without water cooling, are studied. It is established that quenching leaves on the surface bands the heat tints. Surface roughness varies from Ra 0.3 to Ra 2.6 as a result of hardening. When quenching a plate 30 mm thick, the cooling rates in the region of pearlite decomposition of austenite (750...500 °C) are in the range of 50—100 °C/s, which allows the supercooled austenite to be maintained until the martensitic transformation begins (270 °C). In this case quenching condition is provided. At temperatures below the martensitic transformation, the cooling rates slow down, which a factor is contributing to the prevention of cracking during quenching. As a result of reducing the arc movement speed from 33 to 24 and up to 14 m/h, occurs an increase in the hardening depth with the boundary of HV500 450 from 0.25 up to 0,35 and 0,50 mm and an increase in the width of the hardened strip from 9 to 11 and to 13 mm, respectively. Reducing the thickness of the plate from 30 to 10 mm is accompanied by an increase in the depth of hardening to 1.9 mm. The wear resistance of normalized 65G steel as a result of plasma quenching by steel indenter friction (ShX-15) is increased by 4 times. When rubbing with corundum indenter, the wear resistance of the hardened steel is 15.3 times higher than in the case of friction with a steel indenter. This makes plasma hardening promising for strengthening elements of soil-cultivating machines, which wear conditions are closer to tests by a corundum indenter.
Key words: plasma arc hardening, agricultural machines

MACHINE-TOOL AND CUTTING TOOLS PRODUCTION

Samotugin S. S., Kudinova E. V., Khristenko O. A., Belyakovskiy V. P., Shibistaya Ya. N. — The choice of the plasma processing optimal modes of the tool from hard alloys

In the article a developed mathematical model and an algorithm for calculating the optimal modes of hard alloys plasma modification, enabling to the formation of an ultrafine structure in a modified layer are represented. Optimal regimes of plasma modification of hard alloy plates, which ensure an ultrafine structure formation in the modified layer, were calculated on the basis of the developed model.
Key words: plasma surface modification, mathematical model, hard alloys, heat flow

METROLOGY AND METROLOGICAL SUPPORT

Bryukhovetskaya E. V., Konishcheva O. V., Kudryavtsev I. V. — Development and testing of the three-exposure method of holographic photoelasticity

The method of three exposures for the separate obtaining of principal stresses by the method of holographic photoelasticity through the use of volumetric models with inserts from various optically active materials is considered. A comparative analysis of the experimental data with an analytical solution of the problem, which showed good results convergence is adduced.
Key words: hologram, volumetric model, isodromics, isochromics, isopachics, optical constants, insert

MATHEMATICAL MODELING, NUMERICAL METHODS, PROGRAM COMPLEXES

Erofeev V. A., Pyankov I. B. — Physico-mathematical model of contact relief welding of cross-support joints

Contact projection welding is widely used in the manufacture of various constructions. When designing the technology has a problem determining the process parameters because of the variety of forms of welded joints. To determine the welding parameters for which are provided with quality requirements of the wire, it is necessary to use the methods of computer analysis, based on the physical and mathematical modeling. The basis of this process model is a welding system of electric potential equations of heat conduction and plastic deformation, as well as relations between the properties of the metal with its thermodynamic state. A feature of the model is the need to describe the geometry of the weld joint and changes its form during welding. To this end, the current structure of the weld zone is displayed as a change of properties of heterogeneous modeling space points in accordance with the plastic deformation of the metal. This approach is considered by the example of the process of projection welding of cross-shaped joints. The results showed the acceptability of the developed simulation techniques for the analysis of various compounds projection welding process.
Key words: computer engineering analysis, the mathematical model, the contact projection welding, the geometry of the connection

AUTOMATION AND CONTROL OF THE TECHNOLOGY PROCESS AND PRODUCTION, CAD

Konishcheva O. V., Brukhovetskaya E. V., Kudryavtsev I. V. — Using vortex and jet effects for capture and transport objects

The questions of use of vortex and jet effects for automation of loading of processing equipment are taken up. The designs of gripping devices capable to hold the objects having a flat surface are considered. Deduction happens due to creation of a vacuum in the field of the capture adjoining to the object plane. The structural elements are proposed that allow increasing the area and size of negative pressure, which increases the lifting force. Vortex jet gripping devices are a perspective load facility of the technological equipment owing to profitability, simplicity and other advantages.
Key words: gripping device, vortex effect, jet effect, vortex jet gripping device, vacuum, lifting force

STANDARDIZATION AND QUALITY PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT

Tsukurov О. А. — State, problems of development and prospects of the technical regulations application for products whose safety is determined by welding processes

It is adduced a brief review of the modern system principles of technical regulation in the Russian Federation, the Eurasian Economic Community (EEC), Customs Union (CU) and the Eurasian Economic Union (EEU) in relation to technical regulations on products for the manufacture of which welding processes are applied.
It is evaluated the conformity of the current technical regulations of the Customs Union-TR TC 032/2013 "On the safety of equipment operating under excessive pressure" to the requirements of the fundamental technical documents of the Customs Union in the field of technical regulation, European Directive 97/23 / EC and the Federal Law RF "On Technical Regulation".
It is indicated the necessity to identify the objects of technical regulation in the schedule, including welding processes, the establishment and implementation of requirements for them and compliance evaluation of the regulation objects with the technical regulations. The objects of technical regulation (products, materials, welding processes) and the corresponding standards of the European Reference Directive 23/97 EC "On the safety of equipment operating under excessive pressure" for usage in the technical regulations of the Customs Union are considered.
Explanations over the application of the "Recommendations on the content and the standard structure of the technical regulations of the Eurasian Economic Union" regarding the management of technical regulation facilities in the schedule are given. The article is mainly addressed to developers of technical schedules, direct executors of requirements of technical schedules requirements — manufacturers of products, as well as specialists of certification agency that validate the conformity of products to the regulations of TR TC 032/2013.
Key words: technical regulation, technical schedule, standard, equipment operating under excessive pressure, objects of technical regulation, the Customs Union, the Eurasian Economic Union (EEC), EU Directives, conformity evaluation

Zlygarev V. A., Yurin V. N., Strelets D. Yu., Bratukhin A. G. — Features of the technical documentation development through the use of an electronic signature (on the example of a certified, competitive aircraft SSJ 100)

The article is devoted to the topical problem of the digital production step-by-step formation as a means of ensuring the competitiveness of the aviation industry. The components of digital production, the complex structure of a software and hardware means for articles lifecycle management (PLM system) enabling to information interaction of participants in the design and technological preparation processes of articles are established.
The experience of effective organization of electronic technical documentation issue for the regional Russian aircraft Sukhoi Superjet 100 in the conditions of document circulation at the enterprise Sukhoi Civil Aircraft JSC with the use of electronic signature of documents is summarized.
Key words: digital production, electronic calculation of document management, electronic documents, electronic product model, electronic signature, electronic information interaction, IPI, CALS, PLM, PDM, Sukhoi Superjet 100

ECONOMICS OF MACHINE BUILDING, PRODUCTION ORGANIZATION

Usmanova T. Kh., Eroshkin S. Yu. — Innovative solutions at project management in conditions of digitalization of the world economy

Creation of model of optimum development of society requires innovative solutions in project management within the electronic market and digital economy. The purpose and tasks of article are search of effective project management models purchases for the state and municipal needs, and also within development of projects of PPP. Innovative planning of economic growth and development of digital economy and information technologies requires use of absolutely new tools and mechanisms of convergence and their diffusion with projects, including PPP.
Key words: electronic market, digital economy, innovations, diffusion, convergence, Public-private partnership, projects, integration, world economy

FOREIGN EXPERIENCE

Potapova G. S. — Content of foreign journals

INFORMATION

13th International Specialized Exhibition for "Photonics. World Lasers and Optics — 2018"

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