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	Journal "Tekhnologiya Mashinostroeniya"	ISSN 1562-322X
	Contents (�08 2022)
to russian

STRUCTURAL MATERIALS, METALLURGY

DOI: 10.34641/TM.2022.242.8.050
Romanenko D. N., Kurpyakova N. A., Sevalnev G. S., Korobova E. N., Stepanenko E. V. � Study of the microstructure and parameters of diffusion layers after carburizing and heat treatment of steel 12Kh2N4A-Sh

The paper presents the results of studies of the parameters of the diffusion layer after gas carburizing and final heat treatment of gear samples made of steel 12Kh2N4A-Sh. A comparative analysis of the microstructures of the carburized layer after gas, vacuum carburizing and final heat treatment of gear samples made of steel 12Kh2N4A-Sh was carried out.
Key words: steel, gears, gears, gas and vacuum carburizing, hardness, microstructure, diffusion layer, microhardness, wear resistance

TECHNOLOGIES AND EQUIPMENT FOR MECHANICAL, PHYSICAL AND TECHNICAL PROCESSING, PRESSURE TREATMENT

DOI: 10.34641/TM.2022.242.8.051
Ivanaisky A. V., Asaev A. S., Asaeva T. A. � Technology for finishing the internal surfaces of machine parts with a free abrasive using low-frequency vibration cavitation

The use of technologies using the cavitation effect is promising for increasing the efficiency and productivity of labor in the implementation of finishing technological processes in the machine-building and instrument-making industries. At the same time, the analysis of the technical literature showed the limited information on the technology of finishing the internal cavities of parts with a free abrasive during vibrational action on liquid media, which ensures the occurrence of the effect of low-frequency cavitation with the hovering of solid abrasive particles in the carrier medium.
Key words: low-frequency vibration cavitation, cavitation threshold, consolidated abrasive, internal cavities, soaring speed of solid particles

DOI: 10.34641/TM.2022.242.8.052
Galkin V. I., Golovkin P. A. � Features of deformation during upsetting of workpieces made of titanium alloy VT20

The role of deformation mechanisms and other factors affecting the structure and properties of the forgings material is analyzed using as an example the features of sinking strain of blanks made from VT20 titanium alloy.
Key words: sinking strain, forgings, deformation mechanisms, titanium alloys, temperature, overheat, structural and phase changes, stress-strain state, residual stresses

SPECIAL TYPES OF TECHNOLOGIES

Semykin V. N., Protsenko V. N., Sviridov D. A., Besko A. V. � Reducing residual stresses by treating welded joints with a thickness of 12 mm with lead shot

The effect of small lead shot shots on residual welding stresses is investigated. A butt sample made of St3 steel with dimensions 210 � 200 � 12 mm, welded with UONI 13/55 electrodes with a diameter of 3 mm at a direct current of 90...100 A of reverse polarity, was processed with shots from both sides. The stress state was determined by a nondestructive magnetoelastic method with a meter with a sensor base of 5 mm, an operating frequency of 1000 Hz, an error of the goniometer �2 degrees. Coordinate grids with 10 � 10 mm cells were applied to both sides of the joint. In the nodes of the grids, the angles of inclination of the main sites and the values of the main voltage differences were determined by a sensor with a goniometer. Using these data, isostat fields were constructed and the stress values were calculated using the finite difference method. A direct comparison technique was used, according to which one half of the sample was protected from shots by a screen, and the other was fired with a fraction with a specific kinetic energy of 73 J/cm2. By comparing the stress states in the sample before and after the shots, a radical reduction in residual stresses from two-way processing was established. For the first time, an isotropic zone in the weld was obtained. The technology is recommended for welded joints with a thickness of 8...12 mm.
Key words: welding, residual stresses, magnetoelastic method, isostats, lead shot shots, isotropic zones

DOI: 10.34641/TM.2022.242.8.053
Yangirov I. F., Khalikov A. R., Mukhametshin A. V. � Construction of a magnetoelectrodehydrator (MEDH)

An original design of the MADG is proposed, in which the oil-water emulsion is additionally destroyed due to the electromagnetic field and the inclusion of alternating electric current in the design of the magnetization coils, i.e. due to the crossed forces of the electric field and the electromagnetic field and the appearance of the separation effect due to the rotating magnetic field.
For the first time, a mathematical model of MADG was developed based on a system of Fourier series and Maxwell's electrodynamics equations of electric and traveling magnetic fields, which will allow developing an engineering methodology for calculating the performance of the MADG installation. The installation is offered for use in public and private oil companies.
Key words: Fourier series, performance, magnetoelectrodehydrator, oil transportation, water-oil emulsion, watered oil, well, mathematical model, experimental studies, frequency, magnetic accumulator generator, performance, pressure, crystals

METHODS OF CONTROL AND DIAGNOSTICS IN MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

DOI: 10.34641/TM.2022.242.8.054
Dronov E. A., Chagovets S. N., Barakhov V. I., Samochkin V. N., Barakhov A. V. � The use of X-ray computed tomography to assess the volume fractions of the components of the materials of the studied parts or workpieces

One of possible approaches is given to determine cylinder clearance time variation in diesel engine under workloads from start of action of these loads. Use of X-ray computational tomography helped to choose real cylinder with its characteristic distribution of unit cell density per cross-section, which resulted in cylinder seizure during tests. The process simulation model takes into consideration the initial clearance and its variations due to thermal expansions of piston and cylinder and due to displacement of cylinder walls under the action of internal pressure, and determines the time required for the surfaces of these parts to reach predetermined temperatures.
Key words: diesel engine, X-ray tomography, piston and cylinder, thermal expansion, internal pressure, time to reach predetermined temperatures

MATHEMATICAL MODELING, NUMERICAL METHODS, SOFTWARE PACKAGES

DOI: 10.34641/TM.2022.242.8.055
Serdyuk A. I., Krylova S. E., Zhumasheva B. K. � Method of pre-project studies of flexible production systems

The sequence of obtaining and analyzing the results of computational experiments on computer simulation of the functioning of highly automated production systems is described. The sequence is implemented on the basis of the developed method of automated construction of cyclograms of equipment operation, identified equipment parameters and models for evaluating the effectiveness of their functioning.
Calculation schemes, developed software products, plans for conducting computational experiments, and examples of the revealed patterns of influence of product parameters, equipment, and algorithms for its interaction on the efficiency of the production system are presented.
Key words: FMS, computer modeling, computational experiments, regularities

STANDARDIZATION AND PRODUCT QUALITY MANAGEMENT

DOI: 10.34641/TM.2022.242.8.056
Uvarov A. A. � Classification of welding methods in Russia. Actual problems and comparison with foreign approach

The article is devoted to the classification of welding methods. The analysis of the current approach to classification in Russia in accordance with GOST 19521�74 was carried out and the problems associated with it were identified. The Russian approach is compared with international practice, according to which ISO 4063:2009 is applied.
It is shown that the modern classification of welding methods in Russia requires updating and updating in accordance with modern realities and international experience. Recommendations are proposed for updating GOST 19521 and clarifying classification features.
Key words: classification, standards, welding, welding method

ECONOMICS OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING, ORGANIZATION OF PRODUCTION

Zharkevich O. M., Uspan T. A. � Evaluation of innovations in production

This article describes the types of innovation and how they are measured. Indicators of efficiency of processes from improvements are given. The criteria for evaluating the implementation of innovative projects are shown. Indicators of costs and relevance for R&D are described.
Key words: innovation, assessment, process, project

INFORMATION

Results of the exhibition "Photonics. The world of lasers and optics-2022"

IX International Industrial Forum "NDT-2022 Territory"

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