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	Journal "Svarochnoe Proizvodstvo"	ISSN 0491-6441
	Contents (�02 2021)
to russian

SCIENTIFIC-TECHNICAL SECTION

DOI: 10.34641/SP.2021.1035.2.004
Varukha E. N. � Calculation of parameters for a controlled welding process with short circuits

For a controlled short-circuit welding process, an algorithm has been developed to calculate the magnitude of the current upper bound in the pulse forming the droplet and the duration of the short circuit for a wide range of changes in the initial parameters of the process. The algorithm is based on a simplified trapezoidal form of change in current in the drop forming pulse and in the short circuit pulse. It is established that high currents of the forming pulse and the short-circuit pulse provide increased heating of the electrode extension, in comparison with welding with a stationary long arc. An empirical formula is obtained for the coefficient that allows taking into account this increased heating.
The analytical expression is derived for the short circuit duration, which shows it dependence on the thermal state of the electrode�s extension, the increase and decrease rates of the current at the leading and trailing edges of the short-circuit pulse and the magnitude of the short-circuit current, and also on the melting rates of the electrode in the phase of droplet merging with welding pool and in the phase of slow thinning and rupture of the bridge between droplet and electrode.
The boundaries of a stable welding process with controlled short circuits are determined to exclude the choice of welding parameters in the region of electrode sticking into the workpiece or in the region of unstable melting of the electrode.
Key words: welding, welding wire, shielding gas, short circuits, controlled droplet transfer, parameter�s calculation, inverter power supply

DOI: 10.34641/SP.2021.1035.2.005
Sitnikov B. V., Marshuba V. P. � Formation of resistance of welded seams against forming of hot cracks when welding is performed with an increased speed

The results of experimental studies of some features of non-consumable electrode welding in argon steel 12X18H10T with increased speed are presented. The possibility of improving the quality of formation and resistance of seams against the formation of hot cracks by exposing the arc and metal of the weld pool by controlling the magnetic field of the current flowing through the contact conductor located above the tail section of the weld pool, perpendicular to the electrode is shown.
Key words: welding, argon, non-consumable electrode, steel 12X18H10T, arc, weld formation, undercuts, hot cracks, magnetic field

Kuskov Yu. M., Shevchenko N. P., Bogaychuk I. L., Fesenko M. A. � Electroslag surfacing of 110G13L steel using various types of surfacing materials

Electroslag surfacing was performed in a ∅180 mm current-conducting mold on 110G13L steel billets using shavings and electrodes from the same steel grade as a remelted material. It has been established that for any type of surfacing material, the structure of the deposited metal is austenitic. It is shown that the use of electroslag facing with chips allows to obtain a lower penetration of the base metal in comparison with electrode surfacing. The most dangerous area for the appearance of microcracks is the zone of fusion of the base and deposited metals, the width of which depends on the technology of surfacing and, accordingly, the power of thermal action on the base metal.
Key words: electroslag surfacing, current-carrying mold, shavings and electrode of steel 110G13L, base metal from steel 110G13L, microstructure

Ragrin N. A., Belekova Zh. Sh. � Regularities of the effect of porosity welds on the quality of aluminum alloys welded joints

The nature of the influence of the number of pores on the main characteristics of the strength of welded joints, such as ultimate strength, relative elongation and yield strength under SMT welding conditions, has been determined. It is shown that the number of pores to a large extent affects the decrease in the strength characteristics of welded joints. The dependences of the strength characteristics of welded seams and their reduction on the number of pores are obtained. Mathematical models have been developed that reflect the nature of the effect of the number of pores on the strength characteristics of welded joints.
Key words: aluminum, alloy, pores, tensile strength, yield strength, elongation

PRODUCTION SECTION

Pakhomov I. I., Nefedov A. Yu., Denisov Yu. V. � Improvement of technology and reduction of losses in the production of small-sized body parts

This article deals with the technological process of manufacturing of small-scale boxtype parts used in assembling during the furnishing of precision devices. In order to improve the manufacturing process and reduce losses, an integrated model has been offered, which accounts for the technological effectiveness enhancement of the parts, the improvement of technology, and the use of state-of-the-art equipment and tools of the Rosatom production system. This model allows reducing the production cycle time, and decreasing stocks and losses.
Key words: small-scale box-type parts, Rosatom production system, process improvement, operation improvement, Rosatom production system tools, value stream mapping, work cell, multistation equipment, technological effectiveness enhancement

DOI: 10.34641/SP.2021.1035.2.006
Shchetinin S. V. � Electromagnetic nature of the welding process

The electromagnetic nature of the welding process is disclosed. It was clarified that the electromagnetic interatomic interaction is the result of the pinch effect. A process of the one-sided high-speed pipe welding for gas and oil pipelines, enhancing the pinch effect and improving the weld main parameters of the quality in 2�2,5 times is developed.
Key words: welding process, pinch effect, magnetic pressure of the arc, reduction of welding stresses, refinement of the microstructure, increase in impact viscosity

DOI: 10.34641/SP.2021.1035.2.007
Ponomarev K. E., Strelnikov I. V., Antonov A. A., Kapustin O. E. � Analysis of various types of vibration processing of aluminum welded structures

Responsible welded structures that have sufficient accuracy after machining, as a result of natural aging, may receive unacceptable changes in geometric dimensions and shape. Heat treatment is a traditional technology that provides forced accelerated relaxation of residual stresses. Currently, as an alternative, advanced vibration processing technology is being introduced into the industry. This technology has its advantages of efficiency, minimal energy consumption, short technological cycle time and environmental friendliness. However, given the variety of methods of vibration processing, the question of their optimal application remains open. To solve this problem, an assessment of the effectiveness of various methods of vibration treatment of welded joints of aluminum alloys, both in terms of the values of residual stresses, and the manufacturability of performance and control capabilities.
Key words: vibration welding process (vibration accompanying welding), post-weld vibration treatment, arc welding, residual stresses, residual deformations, laser interferometry, laser 3D-scanning, inflexibility

EDUCATION AND TRAINING

Loshakov A. M., Loshakov A. A., Loshakov Al. A. � Classification of welded joints as a system based on educational standards for training specialists of welding production

The authors suggest a process-based classification of welded joints that can be used as an educational and training tool for welding professionals.
The main types, characteristics and quality assessment indicators of welded joints are provided along with the regulation and technological process of their production.
Key words: types and characteristics of welded joints, criteria and quality assessment indicators for welded joints, structural and technological features of welded joints, educational and training programs, welding professionals

ECONOMICS AND ORGANIZATION OF PRODUCTION

Vladimirov S. A., Ananenkov A. G., Reznichenko V. S., Chugunov L. S., Leninsev N. N. � Unique experience of JSC "Gazprom" for the management the most complex large-scale investment projects

The system for managing the development and implementation of investment projects and programs in the corporation and its subsidiaries is presented: A reference book for specialists. � 2nd iss., supplemented and revised. Under the general ed. of prof. A. G. Ananenkov and V. S. Reznichenko / M.: Publishing house "Sputnik+", 2015. 518 p.
Key words: investment project, corporation program, subsidiaries, high-tech project, international standards, oil and gas sector of the economy

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