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CONSTRUCTIONAL MATERIALS, PHYSICAL METALLURGY

Eletskiy А. V., Terentev Е. V., Chudina О. V. — Mechanisms of ferrite strengthening during laser heating

The work is devoted to the study of strengthening mechanisms operating in an iron matrix at laser thermal and chemical-thermal treatment. The main regularities of the strength structural theory, which can be used in laser technologies, are generalized, systematized and brought to a form convenient for practical application. It is shown that for laser thermal treatment, hardening is achieved due to dislocation, grain boundary and substructure mechanisms. When the iron surface is modified by carbon, solid solution and dispersion hardening are added, as well as hardening caused by microstresses due to the formation of martensite and cementite. While modifying with nitride-forming elements followed by heating in an ammonia atmosphere, the basic strengthening mechanism is the dispersion of the alloying elements nitride particles coherently bound with a ferrite lattice. The proposed methodological approach permits to predict the structure formation and the hardening level of steels and alloys, to select the technological modes of laser treatment purposefully in order to increase the specific structural strength characteristics of machine parts operating under various loading conditions.
Key words: laser treatment, surface modification, hardening mechanisms, microstructure, microhardness

SHAPING TECHNOLOGY

Pereladov А. B. — Experimental studies of diamond grinding parameters of difficulty machining materials

The object of the study was the hard alloys grinding with by using a diamond tool with different characteristics. The purpose of scientific research was the performance evaluation of the designed grinding tool with the use of structural and technological filler, the establishment of links grinding modes — the characteristics of the tool — the output parameters of the process for improving existing methodologies for numerical calculation of grinding operations, means for automatic design and utilization technologies of the grinding tool. Scientific novelty of the work: new experimental results concerning the operability of the modified diamond tool, binding characteristics of the tool, grinding conditions, properties of the machined material for a particular area of research were obtained. The research results will be used to improve the methodologies for designing diamondabrasive machining, which allow to automate the optimum characteristics calculation of the grinding tool and its application modes for specific materials.
Key words: grinding of hard alloys, diamond tools, grinding mode, numerical calculation of grinding operations, automated tool designing

MACHINE-TOOL AND CUTTING TOOLS PRODUCTION

Meshcheryakova V. B., Nikolaeva N. S. — Modern approaches to the design and modernization of CNC machines at the implementation of high-speed machining

The peculiarities of layout arrangements and structural solutions of CNC machine units intended for high-speed machining of NC machine parts are considered. There are examples of designs and characteristics of spindle units, axis drives of linear and radial movements, machine slide ways. The substantiation of higher-priority designs for modernization and re-equipment of production is given.
Key words: CNC machine tool, high speed machining, motor-driven spindle, machine axis drives, slide ways, measurement transducers

MACHINE-ASSEMBLING PRODUCTION

Rosinov A. Ya., Beskrovny A. Yu. — Ergonometric features of the technology and means for performing the stack assembly joints of the vessels hulls outer shelling

In this article an analysis of the connections of the vessels hulls outer shelling, as well as the working positions of the stocks assemblers and associated energy inputs is introduced, the methodologic for evolution the severity of manual labor is described, the energy costs of working with the hand and the whole hand are adduced, a study of the daily energy expenditure excluding the heavy manual labor is introduced; calculations according to the formulas of the number of strokes by the sledgehammer and the work of turning the pressure screw, as well as the rocking of the oil pump handle are adduced. The represented diagram of the stocks assembly duration of the outer sheathing connections through the use of means having a manual drive was developed on the basis of these calculations. Based on the energy costs of this labor and the changes in the energy costs of the workers' poses, the technology of joining stocks assembling the deck plating and the sides and bottom outer sheathing through the use of the assembling means with an electromagnetic fastening, the rapid assembly system and the pneumatic-hydraulic drive is considered.
Key words: connections, work postures, energy inputs, muscle effort, human organizm, mechanical work, mechanical equivalent of heat, efficiency, assembly wedges, pressure screws, hydraulic jacks, thickness variation

RECEIPT TECHNOLOGY OF THE PERMANENT CONNECTIONS

Budkin Yu. V., Sokolov Yu. A. — Selective electron-beam fusion: the basics of the equipment and technology development for the articles synthesis

The main technological operations of the selective electron-beam fusion of products are considered in the article. The technical requirements for the deviation of the physical quantities values for the power and electromechanical equipment for the implementation of the SEBF technology are determined. The review of the first national standards developed in the field of AP is given.
Key words: electron beam equipment, electron beam processing, additive production

SPECIAL TECHNOLOGY

Vdovin K. N., Nefed’ev S. P., Dema R. R., Emellyushin A. N., Romanenko D. N., Kolomenskiy A. B. — Application of plasma hardening for increasing the operational resistance of rolling mills bearing units

In the article features of formation of structure and properties formation of a steel 45 after plasma hardening without a surface fusion are considered. The change in microstructure is studied depending on the hardening conditions. The possibility of increasing the operational properties of bearing units of rolling mills by using plasma hardening of friction surfaces is shown.
Key words: plasma hardening, bearing assembly, rolling mill, wear, microstructure

METHODS OF CONTROL AND DIAGNOSTICS

Sayfutdinov S. M. — Capillary control: modern technology and equipment

Classification of the capillary control means, description of modern equipment samples and technical processes are given. The factors influencing the quality of control are analyzed. The technological processes aspects of the introduced semi-automatic lines produced by "ATG. S.r.c.", including using domestic penetrant systems are described.
Key words: penetrant, developer, emulsifier, electrostatic deposition, liguid penetrant testing consumables

MATHEMATICAL MODELING, NUMERICAL METHODS, PROGRAM COMPLEXES

Lebedev V. A., Novikov S. V., Zhuk G. V., Dragan S. V., Simutenkov I. V. — Mathematical modeling of the arc deposition process with controlled changes in the arc gap length

The process of arc welding in shielding gases and under a flux with the use of external low-frequency mechanical oscillations is presented as a periodic process in which a drop is formed in the first half-period, and in the second, the transfer of the electrode metal takes place. The developed mathematical model of the process takes into account the variation with respect to the given periodic law of the length of the arc. The dependences of the current on the arc length and the current density on the length of the arc are established analytically at surfacing in CO2.
Key words: surfacing, periodic action, length of arc, control

STANDARDIZATION, QUALITY PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT

Petrov P. Yu. — The modern definition of the term "Manufacturability"

The analysis of the utilization practice the concept of "Manufacturability" and improving the terminology associated with this term is given. The definition of manufacturability as a certain integral characteristic of the applied technology and the created control system is proposed.
Key words: the term "Manufacturability", integral characteristic, technology, control system

ECONOMY AND ORGANIZATION OF PRODUCTION

Zharov M. V. — Information management system of the production process for thermal compression equipment 

A system for managing the operation of production equipment based on information systems is being developed. Applied software that allows to optimize the work of thermal compression facilities is developed. The purpose of the work is to create an automated system enabling to the specified temperature and speed regimes of deformation in the conditions of isothermal punching and stamping in the state of super plasticity on the basis of the exchange of data on the required and actual heating of the equipment elements. This allows to realize the unique plastic properties of various materials. The most urgent this problem is for modern aircraft building and space devices part production.
Key words: information system, automation elements, applied software, deformation equipment, thermal compression equipment, process temperature, heating rate

EDUCATION AND TRAINING

Pisarenko О. V. — Features of training for the RSI

The article is devoted to the problem of providing personnel for the rocket and space industry (RSI) in Russia. Possible ways of overcoming personnel problems in the RSI are suggested, based on the analysis of the specialists training in profile educational institutions, working conditions, socially significant issues, the state's interest, the internal capabilities of the industrial complex, taking into account the specifics of the RSI of Russia. The reasons for staff turnover, ways of eliminating them, development of scientific and engineering staff of the RSI, goals, priority directions, tasks of human resources development and training of specialized personnel for this industry are discussed.
Key words: rocket and space industry, training of specialists, profile educational institutions, staff turnover, staff potential

FOREIGN EXPERIENCE

Potapova G. S. — Content of foreign journals

INFORMATION

Rostec and the Union of machine engineers of Russia summed up the results of 2017

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