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	Journal "Svarochnoe Proizvodstvo"	ISSN 0491-6441
	Contents (�05 2021)
to russian

SCIENTIFIC-TECHNICAL SECTION

DOI: 10.34641/SP.2021.1038.5.020
Pavlov V. V., Kozyrev N. A., Usoltsev �. �., Mikhno A. P., Kryukov P. E. � Influence study of the energy-technological modes for hidden arc welding made from slag produced by silicomanganese on the physical and mechanical properties of the weld seam

The influence of the welding energy-technological modes on the physical and mechanical properties of weld seams obtained by submerged arc welding, made on the basis of silicomanganese slag, is determined. Various welding modes allows the required penetration depth and the absence of external defects is investigated. It is shown that changes in the current strength value, welding speed and voltage exert influence upon the physical and mechanical properties of the weld seam and the hydrogen concentration in the weld seam.
Key words: welding, flux, silicomanganese slag, chemical composition, physical and mechanical properties

Tsumarev Yu. A., Sinitsa A. N., Rogachevskiy N. I., Sheleg V. K., Tsumarev E. N. � Stress distribution in butt welded joints of parts with different thickness

The features of the operation of butt welded joints of the blanks with unequal thickness are considered and it is established that in asymmetric joints at operation under load there are additional stresses due to bending, which must be taken into account when designing.
It is shown that in standard symmetric welded joints of the blanks with unequal thickness there is a significant overload in the area of narrowing of a thicker par, which should also be taken into account when designing the joint. Designs of symmetrical welded joints without overladen zones are proposed.
Key words: butt-welded joint, asymmetric butt-welded joint, joint, equal strength, bending stress, narrowing area, overload, finite element method

DOI: 10.34641/SP.2021.1038.5.021
Muravev V. I., Bakhmatov P. V., Grigorev V. V., Gavrilov M. S. � Features of the hydrogen distribution in a weld seam made by electron beam welding of titanium alloys

This paper presents the research results of the hydrogen distribution in welded joints made by electron beam welding of titanium alloys VT20 and VT23. The distribution of hydrogen in the cross-section of welded joints is measured in the following zones: the weld seam, the heat-affected zone and the base metal by means of through the use of spectral analysis through the use of a low-voltage pulse discharge on an ISP-51 spectrograph. It was found that hydrogen peaks in permanent joints made by electron beam welding, in contrast to argon arc welding, are located not only in the heat-affected zone, but mainly in the central part of the welded joint. Chemical analysis of the permanent joints fractures, investigated through the use of a electron-scan microscope HitachiS-3400N, established that pores in welded joints made by electron beam welding arise as a result of desorption into the melt of capillary-condensed contaminants located in defects at the ends of the edges, due to the occurrence a solid-phase compound in front of a molten bath. It is found that the changes in the hydrogen conten with the formation of defects render next influence: temperature conditions for heating of the welded edges, the welding speed and the thickness of the welded blanks.
Key words: titanium alloys, electron-beam welding, hydrogen in welded joints, pore formation, capillary-condensed moisture, fractograms of welded joints fractures, surface defects of butting edges

Seydgazov R. D., Mirzade F. Kh. � Threshold conditions for thermocapillary formation of a deep cavity in the additive process for selective laser melting of a metal powder layer

The deep penetration mode at selective laser melting of a metal powder layer is determined by a special and intense hydrodynamic process in a thin molten layer at rapid heating of the metal by using a focused beam. This mode is also widely used in laser and electron beam welding. This indicates the similarity of hydrodynamic processes, which differ significantly in the parameters of the applied radiation (power, power density, focusing spot diameter). Threshold conditions of thermocapillary deep penetration (without evaporation) for various metals (Al, Cu, Fe, Ti) in a wide range of changes in beam parameters, including those used for selective laser melting of a powder layer, is investigated.
The calculated and experimental values comparison of the radiation parameters corresponding to the transition to the deep penetration mode for selective laser melting of the powder layer and laser welding is presented. The correlation of these values confirms the thermocapillary mechanism of the deep cavity formation and the similarity of hydrodynamic processes at welding metals by using a laser beam.
Key words: laser melting, penetration depth, hydrodynamic process, beam power density, focusing spot diameter

PRODUCTION SECTION

Golubenko Yu. V., Bogdanov A. V., Taksants M. V. � Colloidal systems of gold and silver nanoparticles obtained by solid target silt in liquid

Metal nanoparticles have a number of features related to their size and structure, which leads to the emergence of unusual electrical, magnetic and optical properties that are not characteristic of macroparticles. One of the most common methods for producing nanoparticles using laser radiation is pulsed laser ablation (PLA) of solid targets in a liquid, gas or vacuum. The paper presents the results of a study of the process of obtaining gold nanoparticles by laser ablation in liquids with various viscosities (water, acetone, glycerol solution and isotonic solution), a comparison of the parameters of the obtained particles by pulsed laser ablation in a liquid at various processing modes.
Key words: nanotechnology, nanostructure, nanoparticle, laser ablation, colloidal solution

DOI: 10.34641/SP.2021.1038.5.022
Grigoryants A. G., Kostarev V. A., Shustova L. A., Kolchanov D. S., Trushnikov A. N., Drenin A. A., Shishov A. Yu., Fyntikov V. A. � Features of growing articles from structural steel 28Kh3SNMVFA by coaxial laser melting method

The features of microstructure forming and mechanical properties of samples made of high-strength high-alloy steel 28�3�� by the method of coaxial laser melting for the production of critical products are considered.
Key words: additive technologies, coaxial laser melting, direct metal deposition, metal powder composition, mechanical characteristics, thermo-strengthening treatment

DOI: 10.34641/SP.2021.1038.5.023
Malov I. E. � Additive technologies in molding tool production

The relevance of creating conformal cooling channels with copper inner walls in mould cavity for processing thermoplastics is shown. The results of a study aimed at obtaining high-quality joining of tool steel and copper layers by the method of coaxial laser surfacing are presented.
Key words: additive technologies, laser cladding, mould cavity, metal structure

Emelyanov M. V., Fokanov A. N., Podurazhnaya V. F., Tebyakin A. V. � Investigation of soldered vacuum-tight joints of beryllium with structural metals

Beryllium is used as radiation-transparent in X-ray windows equipment for release, and in detectors for transmission of radiation. The results of research on the preparation of brazed joints of beryllium with copper and Monel alloy with hard silver solder are presented.
Structures in the region of the solder and the phase composition of the diffusion zones consisting of CuBe and CuBe2 phases are investigated. In the structure of the brazed joint, diffusion zones of Be-Cu and beryllium with a monel alloy with a width of 5 to 20 μm are observed. The solder area is composed of Ag-Cu phases with different percentages. An assessment of the tightness of products was carried out using the mass spectrometric leak detection method.
Key words: beryllium, windows, brazing, solder, beryllium foil, testing, tightness

ECONOMIC AND PRODUCTION ORGANIZATION

Sergeev S. V., Lutsenko A. V., Veretennikov S. A. � The use of network matrix structures for design and technological preparation of production

Automation of production preparation with the use of computer programs has become an attribute of success for innovative enterprises. The article presents the differences in the methodology of using graphs and tables in the processing of the specification when obtaining the structural composition of the product under consideration. The essence of the new method in the preparation of the production of new products is to use statistical tables, to store a large number of specification tables in which each specification is the final table. The availability of statistical tables ensures the reliability of the information system, the speed of creating each new specification or receiving reports related to the list of specifications. In general, the proposed approach and the developed method for calculating the technological preparation for the production of new complex products can be used by standard computer tools.
Key words: technological preparation of production, graph methodology, use of specification tables, structural composition of the product, combined method of calculating complex products

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